Lion - Wikipedia. The lion (Panthera leo) is one of the big cats in the genus. Panthera and a member of the family Felidae.
The commonly used term African lion collectively denotes the several subspecies in Africa. With some males exceeding 2. Wild lions currently exist in sub- Saharan Africa and in India (where an endangered remnant population resides in Gir Forest National Park). In ancient historic times, their range was in most of Africa, including North Africa, and across Eurasia from Greece and southeastern Europe to India.
In the late Pleistocene, about 1. Panthera leo spelaea lived in northern and western Europe and Panthera leo atrox lived in the Americas from the Yukon to Peru.
Lionfish
Permet de connaitre la position (localisation sur carte) de n'importe quelle ville en France, la distance entre elles (orthodromie) et les communes de proximit Lion Nutrition Guide- Captive Lions have specific nutritional requirements. To meet these requirements, zoo and wildlife professionals must know.
Although the cause of the decline is not fully understood, habitat loss and conflicts with humans are the greatest causes of concern. Within Africa, the West African lion population is particularly endangered. In the wild, males seldom live longer than 1. They typically inhabit savanna and grassland, although they may take to bush and forest. Lions are unusually social compared to other cats.
Lionel Richie
A pride of lions consists of related females and offspring and a small number of adult males. Groups of female lions typically hunt together, preying mostly on large ungulates. Lions are apex and keystone predators, although they are also expert scavengers obtaining over 5. While lions do not typically hunt humans, some have. Sleeping mainly during the day, lions are active primarily at night (nocturnal), although sometimes at twilight (crepuscular).
Depictions have existed from the Upper Paleolithic period, with carvings and paintings from the Lascaux and Chauvet Caves in France dated to 1. It has been extensively depicted in sculptures, in paintings, on national flags, and in contemporary films and literature. Lions have been kept in menageries since the time of the Roman Empire, and have been a key species sought for exhibition in zoos over the world since the late eighteenth century. Zoos are cooperating worldwide in breeding programs for the endangered Asiatic subspecies. Etymology. The lion's name, similar in many Romance languages, is derived from the Latinleo. The upper cladogram is based on the 2.
The lion's closest relatives are the other species of the genus Panthera: the tiger, the snow leopard, the jaguar, and the leopard. Studies from 2. 00.
From this lion derived the later cave lion (Panthera leo spelaea). Lions died out in northern Eurasia at the end of the last glaciation, about 1. Pleistocene megafauna.
Florida's only drive-through safari and walk-through amusement park invites you to spend the day on safari with over 900 animals. With animal displays and. A female white lion cleans one of her cubs in their outdoor enclosure at the Zoo Safari in Swierkocin, Poland, June 27, 2016. Four white lion cubs were born in March. Make a gift to the African Lion Fund by visiting the University of Minnesota Foundation. Join the Friends of Lion Center mailing list. Stay up-to-date on the latest.
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- The lion (Panthera leo) is one of the big cats in the genus Panthera and a member of the family Felidae. The commonly used term African lion collectively denotes the.
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Because these characteristics are very insignificant and show a high individual variability, most of these forms were probably not true subspecies, especially as they were often based upon zoo material of unknown origin that may have had . While the status of the Asiatic lion (P. Mitochondrial variation in living African lions seemed to be modest according to some newer studies; therefore, all sub- Saharan lions have sometimes been considered a single subspecies. However, a recent study revealed lions from western and central Africa differ genetically from lions of southern or eastern Africa. According to this study, Western African lions are more closely related to Asian lions than to South or East African lions. These findings might be explained by a late Pleistocene extinction event of lions in western and central Africa, and a subsequent recolonisation of these parts from Asia.
Lions from Tsavo in eastern Kenya are much closer genetically to lions in Transvaal (South Africa), than to those in the Aberdare Range in western Kenya. The Asiatic lion persica was the most distinctive, and the Cape lion had characteristics allying it more with P.
He had analysed 5. European museums. Fish and Wildlife Service has followed this revised taxonomic classification, as being based on . Approximately 7. 7% of the captive lions registered by the International Species Information System are of unknown origin. Nonetheless, they might carry genes that are extinct in the wild, and might be therefore important to maintain overall genetic variability of the lion. It is extinct in the wild due to excessive hunting; the last wild Barbary lion was killed in Morocco in 1.
It appears to be more closely related to the Asiatic rather than sub- Saharan lions. A number of animals in captivity are likely to be Barbary lions. Once was widespread from Turkey, across Southwest Asia, to India and Pakistan. It is among the smallest of the Sub- Saharan African lions. It is among the largest subspecies of African lions.
They determined that these lions are genetically unique and presumably that . These lions were part of a collection of the late Haile Selassie I of Ethiopia. It was larger than today's African lions, reaching sizes comparable to the American cave lion and slightly larger than the Upper Pleistocene European cave lion. This form is the sister clade of P. It is only known from two teeth found in deposits at Kuruwita.
Based on these teeth, P. Deraniyagala erected this subspecies in 1. However, mitochondrial DNA sequences obtained from cave lion fossils from Europe and Alaska were indistinguishable. Underbelly hair is visible. Now at the Walters Art Museum.
P. Nearly all ancient Mesopotamian representations of male lions demonstrate full underbelly hair in which until recently was only identified in the Barbary lion (Panthera leo leo) from Northern Africa and in most Asiatic lions (P. Ancient evidence from adjacent landmasses reveal no substantiation for lions with underbelly hair in this manner so that the distinct phenotype of depicted lions in ancient Mesopotamia (including Babylon, Elam and ancient Persia) represent an extinct sub- species. Many of the images of these lions are derived from lion hunting sculptures so that the extinction of this sub- species likely resulted from overhunting in the ancient world. P. It became extinct around 1. AD due to persecution and over- exploitation.
It inhabited the Balkans, the Italian Peninsula, southern France, and the Iberian Peninsula. It was a very popular object of hunting among ancient Romans and Greeks. P. If it was a subspecies in its own right, rather than a small number of aberrantly coloured individuals, it has been extinct since 1. A less likely identity is a natural leopard- lion hybrid commonly known as a leopon.
The marozi is reputedly a spotted lion or a naturally occurring leopon, while the Congolese spotted lion is a complex lion- jaguar- leopard hybrid called a lijagulep. Such hybrids were once commonly bred in zoos, but this is now discouraged due to the emphasis on conserving species and subspecies.
Hybrids are still bred in private menageries and in zoos in China. The liger is a cross between a male lion and a tigress. They share physical and behavioural qualities of both parent species (spots and stripes on a sandy background).
Male ligers are sterile, but female ligers often are fertile. Males have about a 5.
Ligers are much bigger than normal lions, typically 3. Its skull is very similar to that of the tiger, although the frontal region is usually more depressed and flattened, with a slightly shorter postorbital region and broader nasal openings than that of a tiger. However, due to the amount of skull variation in the two species, usually only the structure of the lower jaw can be used as a reliable indicator of species. The underparts are generally lighter and the tail tuft is black. Lion cubs are born with brown rosettes (spots) on their body, rather like those of a leopard. Although these fade as lions reach adulthood, faint spots often may still be seen on the legs and underparts, particularly on lionesses. Lions are the only members of the cat family to display obvious sexual dimorphism .
They also have specialised roles that each gender plays in the pride. For instance, the lioness, the hunter, lacks the male's thick mane. The colour of the male's mane varies from blond to black, generally becoming darker as the lion grows older. The most distinctive characteristic shared by both females and males is that the tail ends in a hairy tuft. In some lions, the tuft conceals a hard .
The lion is the only felid to have a tufted tail . Absent at birth, the tuft develops around . In females reported head- body lengths range from 1. In rare cases a female lion can have a mane.
Sexual selection of mates by lionesses favours males with the densest, darkest mane. Darker- maned individuals may have longer reproductive lives and higher offspring survival, although they suffer in the hottest months of the year. Morphology was used to identify subspecies such as the Barbary lion and Cape lion.
Research has suggested, however, that environmental factors such as average ambient temperature influence the colour and size of a lion's mane. Thus the mane is not an appropriate marker for identifying subspecies. The testosterone hormone has been linked to mane growth; therefore, castrated lions often have minimal to no mane, as the removal of the gonads inhibits testosterone production.
They are not albinos, having normal pigmentation in the eyes and skin. White Transvaal lion (Panthera leo krugeri) individuals occasionally have been encountered in and around Kruger National Park and the adjacent Timbavati Private Game Reserve in eastern South Africa, but are more commonly found in captivity, where breeders deliberately select them. The unusual cream colour of their coats is due to a recessive allele. Intermittent bursts of activity follow through the night hours until dawn, when hunting most often takes place.
They spend an average of two hours a day walking and 5. The lion is a predatory carnivore with two types of social organization.
Some lions are residents, living in groups of related lionesses, their mates, and offspring. Such a group is called a pride.
The number of adult males in a coalition is usually two but may increase to as many as four before decreasing again over time. Note that a lion may switch lifestyles; nomads may become residents and vice versa.
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